a nurse is monitoring a client who has heart failure related to mitral stenosis This is a topic that many people are looking for. star-trek-voyager.net is a channel providing useful information about learning, life, digital marketing and online courses …. it will help you have an overview and solid multi-faceted knowledge . Today, star-trek-voyager.net would like to introduce to you How heart valve disorders occur and caring for heart valve disorders (Nursing Care Plan). Following along are instructions in the video below:
Guys in this lesson. Were going to take a look at the care plan plan for heart valve disorders. So in this lesson.
Well briefly take a look. The pathophysiology and the etiology of heart valve disorders. Were also going to look at additional things like subjective and objective data that your patient may present with as well as nursing interventions and rationales okay so heart valve disorders.
Occur when blood flow direction is compromised through the valves. Which then causes cardiac output to be compromised heart. Valve disorders.
Include mitral regurgitation. Mitral. Stenosis.
Aortic. Regurgitation. And a or ticks.
Enosis. Please. See.
The next slide for a description of these issues. So the most common causes of heart valve disorders are romatic fever or endocarditis. Which caused damage vegetations or even thickening and scarring of the heart valves.
An acute emergency situation could be caused by mitral valve prolapse or papillary muscle rupture. So the desired outcome in these patients is to preserve cardiac output. When possible and proceed to valve repair or replacement and also prevent any complications.
So mitral regurgitation occurs when the mitral valve cannot close completely and blood then flows into the left atrium. Mitral stenosis. Is when the might revive cannot open.
Fully or is narrowed and blood cannot get into the left ventricle a or decree. Gurjit ation is when the aortic valve cannot close completely and therefore blood back flows into the left ventricle and finally a or tx enosis is when the aortic valve can open fully or is narrowed and blood cant get out of that left ventricle all right guys lets take a look at some of the subjective and objective data. Thats your patient with heart valve disorders.
May present with now. Remember subjective data. These are going to be things that are based on your patients.
Opinions or feelings. But your patient with a heart. Valve issue.
May actually be asymptomatic with the exception of a heart murmur. However if cardiac output is compromised they may explain symptoms of chest pain shortness of breath weakness fatigue things like that objective data includes a systolic murmur. Which is indicative of aortic stenosis.
Or mitral regurg and a diastolic murmur is actually indicative of aortic regurge. Or mitral stenosis. If cardiac output is compromised.
We may see a decreased blood pressure increased heart rate. Weak pulses slow capillary refill and cool diaphoretic hell even dusky skin okay guys lets begin to review the nursing interventions for heart valve disorders. Assessing heart sounds is critical in these patients and is the easiest way for a nurse to a identify.
A valve disorder. A murmur indicates turbulent blood flow or abnormal blood flow through the valve remember. If a valve should be open.
But doesnt open fully this is stenosis and if a valve should be closed. This will be regurgitation to help with identifying the presence of a murmur identify is it an s1 or s2 murmur realize. Which valve you are actual listening to and what should the valve be doing at this time.
We also must assess and monitor the cardiovascular status of these patients as valve disorders can compromise cardiac output by assessing their cardiovascular status we can help to determine if there is decrease perfusion to the tissues be sure to assess closely their blood pressure their heart rate. Pulses capillary refill their skin color and temperature as the skin will be cool pale and clammy with a decreased cardiac output and also the presence of any arrhythmias so assessing respiratory status is also important because think about it if blood is not moving forward or backing up this can create pulmonary congestion and lead to pulmonary edema. We would see a decrease at crackles in their lungs and the patient can even have pink frothy sputum.
We also want to make sure we notify the provider of any new or sudden onset of murmurs especially if accompanied with signs of poor perfusion or pulmonary edema as a papillary muscle rupture and mitral valve. Prolapse can occur suddenly. So these issues are often accompanied with chest pain shortness of breath and other signs of heart failure guys.
This is an emergency that requires surgical event intervention immediately so if your patient did require a surgical intervention like a valve replacement. It is necessary to educate them about the post operative requirements first of all these patients will require lifelong anticoagulant therapy. Which means they must be educated on precautions.
Like using electric razor in soft. Bristled. Toothbrushes and how often they require monitoring patients with artificial heart valves.
Are at a super high risk of endocarditis. So they need to be educated on how to prevent this issue like like receiving prophylactic antibiotics. If a procedure is necessary and also maintaining good oral hygiene.
That is super important so you guys you really need to stress that as silly as it may sound. There is a ton of research on how bacteria moves from the oral cavity and becomes lodged in the valve. So with this they should not undergo any dental procedures up to six months after valve surgery okay guys here is a look at a completed care plan for heart valve disorders.
Okay. Lets do a quick review. With heart.
Valve. Disorders. Blood flow.
Direction. Is compromised. Through the valves.
Which means. Cardiac. Output.
Is compromised heart. Valve disorders. Include mitral regurgitation.
Mitral. Stenosis. Aortic.
Regurgitation. And a tortex enosis. The patient may be asymptomatic or just have a murmur subjective data if cardiac output is compromised may include chest pain shortness of breath weakness fatigue an objective data may include decreased blood pressure increased heart rate weak pulses slow capillary.
Refill and pale and cool clammy skin. Assess heart sounds for murmurs respiratory status for signs of pulmonary edema and cardiovascular status to assess for decreased perfusion notified the provider of new onset murmurs as this could indicate an issue like a papillary muscle rupture and guys this requires a surgical intervention. Educate valve replacement patients on the lifelong anticoagulant therapy in the prevention of endocarditis thanks for watching another nursing comm lesson click the link below in the description to watch thousands more lessons over on nursing comm.
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